Copper sulfate (copper(II) sulfate, CuSO₄) is an inorganic compound existing in both hydrated and anhydrous forms. The pentahydrate, CuSO₄·5H₂O, is the most common and is recognized by its vivid blue crystals (historically known as “blue vitriol”). Anhydrous CuSO₄ appears as a white or grayish-white powder .

Unsaturated Polyester Resin (UPR) is a thermosetting polymer produced by polycondensation between dibasic acids (e.g., maleic, fumaric, phthalic, isophthalic, terephthalic acids) and diols (e.g., ethylene glycol). The resin is typically dissolved in a reactive diluent, most commonly styrene, resulting in a yellowish, viscous liquid.

Ferrous Sulphate Heptahydrate (FeSO₄·7H₂O) plays a critical role in industries like pharmaceuticals, water treatment, and even animal nutrition. From treating iron deficiency in humans and animals to helping purify water, this compound quietly works behind the scenes to keep key systems running smoothly.

Potassium carbonate (K₂CO₃), commonly known as potash or pearl ash, is a versatile inorganic compound with a wide range of applications across various industries. Its chemical properties make it invaluable in sectors such as manufacturing, agriculture, food processing, pharmaceuticals, and water treatment.

Sodium sulfate (Na₂SO₄), commonly referred to as anhydrous sodium sulfate, is a white, odorless, crystalline powder. As a widely utilized inorganic salt, it plays a crucial role in various industries, including chemical manufacturing, textiles, paper production, detergents, and glassmaking. Its stability, cost-effectiveness, and multifunctional properties make it indispensable in numerous applications.